As temperatures continue to soar across many parts of India, doctors are warning that heatwaves are not merely uncomfortable—they can also be dangerous for heart health. While most people associate extreme heat with dehydration and heatstroke, medical experts say prolonged exposure to high temperatures can significantly increase the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular emergencies.
The human body works hard to maintain a stable internal temperature. During a heatwave, blood vessels expand to release heat, forcing the heart to pump harder and faster. This extra strain can become dangerous, especially for older adults and individuals with pre-existing heart conditions.
According to Dr. Ajay Kaul, Chairman of Cardiac Sciences, Fortis Hospital, New Delhi, excessive heat places tremendous stress on the cardiovascular system.
“When temperatures rise significantly, the body loses fluids and essential electrolytes through sweating. This can cause dehydration, thickening of the blood, and increased workload on the heart, potentially triggering heart attacks in vulnerable individuals,” he says.
Dehydration is one of the biggest concerns during summer. When the body loses fluids, blood volume decreases, forcing the heart to work harder to circulate oxygen and nutrients. This may increase blood pressure fluctuations and raise the risk of clot formation.
Heat can also worsen existing conditions such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, and heart failure. Some heart medications, including diuretics, may further increase dehydration risk.
Doctors advise paying attention to warning signs such as chest pain, excessive sweating, dizziness, shortness of breath, rapid heartbeat, nausea, and unusual fatigue. Ignoring these symptoms could delay life-saving treatment.
Research has shown that cardiovascular deaths often rise during periods of extreme heat. Urban areas are particularly vulnerable because concrete structures and limited green spaces can trap heat and increase exposure.
Experts recommend drinking adequate water throughout the day, even before feeling thirsty. Individuals should avoid strenuous outdoor activity during peak afternoon hours and wear light, breathable clothing.
“Elderly individuals, diabetics, and heart patients should be particularly careful. Summer is not the time to skip medications, ignore hydration, or overexert yourself physically,” says Dr. Kaul.
A heart-friendly summer diet can also help. Doctors recommend consuming fruits with high water content, including watermelon, cucumber, oranges, and muskmelon. Limiting alcohol and excessive caffeine intake can further reduce dehydration risk.
Air-conditioned environments, adequate sleep, and regular monitoring of blood pressure are also important preventive measures.
While heatwaves are becoming more common due to climate change, experts stress that awareness and preparation can significantly reduce health risks. Understanding the connection between extreme heat and cardiovascular disease may help individuals take timely precautions and protect their hearts during the hottest months of the year.
The message from doctors is clear: if you experience unusual symptoms during a heatwave, seek medical attention immediately. Acting early could save your life.
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