New Delhi, 02 May 2025: Dolo 650 is one of India’s most widely consumed over-the-counter (OTC) medications. Known for its effectiveness in reducing fever and relieving mild to moderate pain, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, this tablet became a household name. But a recent study has raised serious concerns about the potential long-term health risks associated with overuse—particularly the silent yet significant threat it may pose to liver health.
What Is Dolo 650?
Dolo 650 contains paracetamol (also known as acetaminophen) as its active ingredient. It is commonly prescribed for symptoms like fever, headache, body aches, toothaches, and joint pain. With a dosage of 650 mg of paracetamol per tablet, it is slightly stronger than the standard 500 mg formulations, making it more effective for adults in certain conditions.
The medicine is considered safe when used in recommended doses and intervals. However, paracetamol toxicity is a well-known risk when consumed in higher-than-recommended doses or over prolonged periods.
Why Is Dolo 650 So Widely Used?
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Dolo 650 became the go-to medicine for managing fever and pain associated with the viral infection. Its easy availability, affordability, and fast-acting relief led to a surge in sales, making it a staple in home medical kits. Many people began self-medicating with Dolo 650, often without considering dosage limits or potential health consequences.
What Does the New Study Say?
A recent study conducted by a team of medical researchers from a reputed Indian medical institute has raised red flags about paracetamol-induced liver injury (PILI). The study, published in a peer-reviewed medical journal, revealed that long-term or excessive use of Dolo 650 can lead to liver inflammation, hepatotoxicity (liver damage), and in severe cases, acute liver failure.
The researchers analyzed data from over 1,000 patients admitted with signs of liver damage over a two-year period. Shockingly, a significant percentage of these patients had a history of frequent paracetamol consumption, most commonly in the form of Dolo 650. The study highlighted that many users had unknowingly exceeded the safe daily limit of paracetamol, which is generally around 3,000 to 4,000 mg per day for adults.
How Does Dolo 650 Affect the Liver?
Paracetamol is metabolized in the liver. When taken in normal doses, the liver breaks it down safely and eliminates it from the body. However, when taken in excess, the liver’s ability to metabolize it becomes overwhelmed, leading to the buildup of a toxic byproduct called NAPQI (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine). This compound can damage liver cells, resulting in inflammation, scarring, or even liver failure in extreme cases.
Early symptoms of paracetamol-induced liver damage may include:
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal pain (especially in the upper right side)
- Fatigue
- Loss of appetite
- Jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes)
Are There Safer Alternatives?
Paracetamol remains one of the safest painkillers when used correctly. However, for those with existing liver concerns, alternatives such as ibuprofen or non-drug treatments (like hydration, rest, or hot/cold compresses) may be preferable. It’s crucial to discuss with a healthcare provider before switching or combining medications.
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