New Delhi, 17 May 2025: Obesity is rapidly emerging as a significant public health challenge in India, with experts describing it as a “silent tsunami” that threatens to overwhelm the nation’s healthcare system. This escalating crisis is not only affecting adults but is increasingly prevalent among children, leading to a surge in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, cardiovascular ailments, and certain cancers.
Obesity Is The Real Epidemic – Globally
Recent studies have highlighted the alarming rise in obesity rates across India. According to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), the prevalence of generalized obesity among adults stands at 28.6%, while abdominal obesity affects 39.5% of the population . These figures underscore a significant health burden that is exacerbated by lifestyle changes, urbanization, and dietary habits.
Particularly concerning is the impact on women. A study published in the Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research revealed that nearly 50% of Indian women aged 35 to 49 are either overweight or obese . This trend poses serious health risks, including increased susceptibility to reproductive issues, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular diseases.
Childhood Obesity: A Looming Threat
The obesity epidemic is not confined to adults. India is witnessing a disturbing rise in childhood obesity, with approximately 14.7 million children classified as obese . This surge is attributed to sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy eating habits, and lack of physical activity. Experts warn that if left unaddressed, childhood obesity can lead to early onset of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and psychological issues, thereby compromising the health and productivity of future generations.
Urbanisation and Lifestyle Changes
The rapid urbanization of India has brought about significant lifestyle changes that contribute to the obesity crisis. Increased consumption of processed foods, reduced physical activity, and high-stress environments are common in urban settings. A study published in The Lancet indicates that over 70% of India’s urban population is grappling with overweight concerns, highlighting the pervasive nature of the problem .
Hidden Affects of Obesity: The Unseen Challenges
Obesity is a major risk factor for a range of non-communicable diseases. The ICMR reports that 56.4% of India’s total disease burden is attributable to unhealthy diets, which are closely linked to obesity . The associated health conditions not only diminish the quality of life for individuals but also place a substantial economic burden on the healthcare system.
Recognizing the severity of the obesity epidemic, various institutions and government bodies are initiating measures to combat the crisis. For instance, the Civil Hospital in Ahmedabad has launched a ‘Dietician OPD’ to provide free dietary and nutrition counseling services, targeting individuals with obesity and related health issues . Such initiatives aim to promote healthier lifestyles and mitigate the impact of obesity-related diseases.
Addressing the obesity crisis in India requires a multifaceted approach that includes public health education, promotion of physical activity, and access to nutritious foods. Experts advocate for early interventions, especially among children and adolescents, to instill healthy habits that can prevent obesity and its associated health risks.
Moreover, there is a need for comprehensive policies that address the root causes of obesity, including urban planning that encourages active lifestyles, regulation of food marketing, and support for mental health services. By implementing such measures, India can work towards curbing the obesity epidemic and safeguarding the health of its population.
