Indian-American astronaut Sunita Williams and her colleague Butch Wilmore have been stuck in space for over 50 days. Their mission was originally supposed to last just 10 days, but technical problems with their spacecraft have caused the delay. Now, they are facing significant health risks due to the lack of gravity.
What is Muscle Mass and Bone Density?
On Earth, muscle mass is the amount of soft muscle tissue in our bodies. Muscles help us move, maintain our posture, and support essential bodily functions. Bone density measures the amount of minerals, like calcium and phosphorus, in our bones. High bone density means strong bones, while low bone density increases the risk of osteoporosis, a condition where bones become weak and fragile.
The Effects of Space Travel
In space, the absence of gravity has a significant impact on the body. Without gravity, muscles and bones don’t have to work as hard, leading to muscle weakness and rapid bone loss. Astronauts like Williams and Wilmore can lose muscle mass and bone density much faster than they would on Earth. This can cause serious health issues when they return to Earth, as weakened muscles and bones are more prone to injuries and fractures.
Counteracting the Effects
To combat these issues, astronauts follow strict exercise routines even while in space. They use resistance bands and specialized exercise equipment designed for zero-gravity environments. Additionally, they follow a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D to help maintain bone health. Once back on Earth, they undergo physical therapy to regain muscle strength and bone density.
Prolonged space travel presents unique health challenges, but with the right precautions and treatments, astronauts like Sunita Williams and Butch Wilmore can overcome these obstacles and safely return to Earth.
