Cancer and Deep Belly Fat: New Study Links Visceral Fat Activity to Aggressive Cancer Growth in Women

New Delhi, 04 October, 2025: Recent research has uncovered a startling link between deep belly fat (visceral fat) and the aggressive growth of certain cancers, particularly in women. While excess body fat has long been associated with various chronic diseases like diabetes and heart problems, scientists are now revealing that the type and location of body fat could play a crucial role in how cancer develops and spreads.

This discovery adds to the growing evidence that metabolic health and body composition—not just weight—significantly influence cancer risk and progression. Let’s break down what visceral fat is, why it’s dangerous, how it’s connected to cancer, and what women can do to protect themselves.

Understanding Visceral Fat: The Hidden Danger

Not all fat in the body is the same. The fat that sits just under your skin, called subcutaneous fat, is relatively harmless and even serves as an energy reserve. The real threat lies in visceral fat, which surrounds vital organs such as the liver, pancreas, and intestines deep within the abdominal cavity.

Visceral fat is metabolically active, meaning it releases hormones, inflammatory molecules, and other substances that can affect nearby tissues and distant organs. When visceral fat becomes excessive, it triggers chronic low-grade inflammation, disrupts hormonal balance, and alters immune system function—all of which can contribute to cancer development.

Women, particularly after menopause, tend to accumulate more visceral fat due to hormonal changes and slower metabolism, increasing their risk for multiple health issues, including cancer.

What the New Study Reveals

The recent study, conducted by researchers from a leading international medical institute, examined the relationship between visceral fat activity and tumour behaviour in women diagnosed with different forms of cancer, including breast, ovarian, and colorectal cancers.

The findings showed that:

• Women with higher visceral fat levels had more aggressive tumour growth and poorer treatment outcomes.
• Visceral fat released specific inflammatory and hormonal signals—such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)—that encouraged cancer cells to multiply and spread.
• In some cases, visceral fat cells directly interacted with cancer cells, providing them with energy and growth-promoting molecules, effectively helping tumours thrive.

The study concluded that visceral fat isn’t just passive storage tissue; it acts as a metabolic organ influencing cancer behaviour. This means that even if a woman’s overall body weight (BMI) appears normal, she could still have a high visceral fat percentage and face a greater cancer risk.

Why Women Are More Vulnerable

While both men and women can develop visceral fat, the effects on women’s health can be more profound. Several factors contribute to this heightened risk:

1. Hormonal Changes: After menopause, falling estrogen levels cause fat to redistribute from the hips and thighs to the abdomen, increasing visceral fat stores.
2. Genetic Predisposition: Certain genes make women more likely to store fat in the abdominal region.
3. Metabolic Sensitivity: Women’s fat tissue tends to produce more inflammatory compounds that can alter the tumour microenvironment.
4. Delayed Detection: In many women, visceral fat may go unnoticed because it’s internal. Even slim women can have high levels of visceral fat (“skinny fat”), putting them at risk without obvious signs.

How Visceral Fat Promotes Cancer Growth

Researchers believe visceral fat contributes to cancer progression through several biological mechanisms:

• Chronic Inflammation: Constant release of inflammatory cytokines damages DNA and promotes tumour initiation.
• Hormonal Imbalance: Excess fat increases levels of estrogen and insulin, both of which can fuel hormone-sensitive cancers like breast and ovarian cancer.
• Immune System Suppression: High visceral fat reduces the body’s ability to detect and destroy abnormal cells.
• Increased Oxidative Stress: Visceral fat generates free radicals that damage cells and accelerate cancer growth.
• Tumour Microenvironment Alteration: Fat cells near tumours can release fatty acids that cancer cells use for energy and expansion.

Cancers Most Associated with Visceral Fat

The study and previous research have linked visceral fat with several types of cancer, particularly those affecting women:

1. Breast Cancer: Postmenopausal women with excess visceral fat face higher risk and more aggressive forms of breast cancer due to increased estrogen production and inflammation.
2. Ovarian Cancer: Visceral fat is associated with higher recurrence rates and lower survival among ovarian cancer patients.
3. Colorectal Cancer: Fat around the intestines can release inflammatory molecules directly into the gut environment, promoting tumour growth.
4. Pancreatic and Liver Cancer: Excess visceral fat strains these organs metabolically, creating conditions favourable for tumour formation.

How to Reduce Visceral Fat and Lower Cancer Risk

Fortunately, visceral fat is not permanent. With consistent lifestyle changes, it can be reduced—often faster than subcutaneous fat. Here’s how to lower your visceral fat levels and, in turn, reduce your cancer risk.

1. Adopt a Balanced, Anti-Inflammatory Diet

• Focus on whole foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, seeds, and lean proteins.
• Avoid processed foods, refined sugar, and trans fats that promote inflammation.
• Include omega-3 fatty acids (found in fish and flaxseeds) and antioxidants that protect cells from damage.

2. Maintain a Healthy Weight and Waistline

• Aim for a waist circumference below 35 inches (88 cm) for women, which is an indicator of lower visceral fat levels.
• Remember, BMI alone can be misleading—use waist-to-hip ratio or body composition scans for a clearer picture.

3. Exercise Regularly

• Combine aerobic exercise (like brisk walking, cycling, or swimming) with strength training to burn visceral fat effectively.
• Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week.

4. Manage Stress and Sleep

• Chronic stress raises cortisol, a hormone that encourages fat storage in the abdominal area.
• Prioritise 7–8 hours of quality sleep each night to maintain hormonal balance.

5. Avoid Smoking and Limit Alcohol

• Both can increase fat accumulation around organs and heighten cancer risk.

6. Regular Health Check-Ups

• Women with a family history of cancer or metabolic diseases should undergo routine screenings for early detection of both cancer and metabolic changes.

Expert Viewpoint

Dr. Meera Singh, an endocrinologist, explains: “Visceral fat is not just an inert layer of tissue—it acts like an organ that communicates with the rest of the body. When it becomes overactive, it sets off a chain of inflammation and hormonal disruption, creating the perfect environment for diseases like cancer to thrive.”

Dr. Rohan Deshmukh, an oncologist, adds: “The key message from this study is that cancer prevention begins long before diagnosis. Women should focus on metabolic health—diet, sleep, exercise—not just weight loss. Even a small reduction in visceral fat can significantly lower cancer risk.”

The link between deep belly fat and cancer underscores the complex relationship between lifestyle, metabolism, and disease. While genetics play a role, lifestyle habits largely determine visceral fat accumulation and activity.

This World Cancer Awareness Month, experts urge women to look beyond the scale and pay attention to what’s happening inside their bodies. Reducing visceral fat through mindful eating, regular exercise, and stress management isn’t just about appearance—it’s a lifesaving choice that can prevent cancer and enhance overall health.