New Delhi, 14 June 2025: A newly emerging COVID-19 subvariant, NB.1.8.1, is making headlines globally due to an unusually painful symptom that patients are comparing to a “razor blade throat.” This intense sore throat, which makes swallowing, speaking, and even breathing uncomfortable, has become the most distinctive sign of infection with this variant. While hospitalisation rates remain low, the severity of throat pain is leading to significant discomfort and public concern. Doctors and virologists warn that though the symptom is not necessarily dangerous on its own, it indicates high viral replication in the upper respiratory tract, making it extremely contagious.
What is the NB.1.8.1 COVID Variant and Why Is It Different?
NB.1.8.1 is a subvariant of the Omicron lineage, closely related to JN.1, and is currently being tracked by global health agencies due to its fast spread and symptomatic intensity. What makes this variant particularly unique is its ability to cause aggressive inflammation of the throat tissue, leading to sharp, cutting pain that feels like swallowing glass or razor blades. Unlike earlier variants that primarily affected the lungs, NB.1.8.1 appears to concentrate in the upper airway, contributing to both high transmissibility and more pronounced local symptoms like sore throat and hoarseness.
Common Symptoms Associated with NB.1.8.1
In addition to the hallmark razor blade throat, other common symptoms include mild fever, nasal congestion, fatigue, body aches, dry cough, and swollen lymph nodes. Some patients may also experience voice changes, headaches, or mild gastrointestinal issues. Unlike Delta or Alpha variants that triggered severe lung involvement and breathlessness, NB.1.8.1 is more about intense discomfort rather than life-threatening illness, especially in vaccinated individuals. However, the pain can be severe enough to interfere with eating, drinking, and sleeping, prompting many to seek urgent relief.
Why Is the ‘Razor Blade Throat’ So Severe?
Doctors believe the sore throat caused by NB.1.8.1 results from a highly inflammatory response in the pharynx and tonsils, where the virus seems to replicate rapidly. This localised inflammation, combined with swollen lymph nodes and irritation of nerve endings, creates the sensation of burning, rawness, and stabbing pain. Because the viral load in the throat is high, this also increases the chances of transmission through talking, coughing, and sneezing—making early symptom recognition and self-isolation even more critical.
How to Remedy and Manage the Pain at Home
There is no specific cure for NB.1.8.1, but supportive care can significantly ease the symptoms. Experts recommend gargling with warm salt water several times a day to reduce inflammation and soothe the throat lining. Lozenges, throat sprays, warm teas with honey, steam inhalation, and paracetamol can help relieve pain and reduce fever. Staying well-hydrated is key to keeping the throat moist and aiding in recovery. Avoid spicy, acidic, or very hot foods, and try soft, bland meals that are easier to swallow. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen may be taken to manage severe discomfort, but only under medical guidance.
When to See a Doctor or Get Tested
If symptoms persist for more than five days or worsen—especially if you develop a high fever, difficulty swallowing, ear pain, or swelling in the neck—it’s important to consult a doctor. A COVID test should be done promptly if you experience razor blade throat along with fatigue or fever. Some patients may only test positive via throat swabs, as nasal swabs can sometimes produce false negatives in NB.1.8.1 cases. For those with underlying health conditions or compromised immunity, early medical intervention is crucial to prevent complications.
NB.1.8.1 may not be as deadly as past COVID variants, but its severe sore throat symptom is enough to disrupt daily life and raise alarm. Awareness, testing, and prompt symptomatic treatment can help manage this new wave effectively. As the virus continues to evolve, staying vigilant about new symptoms like the razor blade throat is essential for early detection, responsible isolation, and reducing community spread.
