New Delhi, 28 May 2025: As COVID-19 cases rise globally in May 2025, three emerging Omicron subvariants—NB.1.8.1, LF.7, and XFG—are under close scrutiny for their increased transmissibility and potential health impacts. While these variants are spreading rapidly, particularly in Asia and parts of the U.S., early data suggests they are not causing more severe illness than earlier strains.
Transmissibility: What We Know
NB.1.8.1 has been identified in multiple countries, including Australia, the United States, and China. Its rapid spread is attributed to specific spike protein mutations—A435S, V445H, and T478I—that may enhance its ability to evade immune responses and increase infectivity.
In India, NB.1.8.1, LF.7, and XFG have been detected in states like Kerala, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Delhi. These variants are descendants of the JN.1 lineage and are being monitored for their potential to cause localized outbreaks.
XFG, a recombinant of LF.7 and LP.8.1.2, has also been noted for its increased transmissibility. However, health authorities emphasize that, despite the uptick in cases, the overall risk remains manageable with current public health measures.
New COVID Variant Symptoms
The symptoms associated with these new subvariants mirror those of earlier Omicron strains. Commonly reported symptoms include:
- Fever
- Cough
- Fatigue
- Sore throat
- Headache
- Muscle aches
In Delhi, health officials have described the symptoms of the new variants as akin to viral fever, with patients experiencing mild, flu-like conditions.
“The Variant Is Mild but Vigilance Required”
Current data indicates that infections caused by NB.1.8.1, LF.7, and XFG are generally mild. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports no significant increase in hospitalizations, ICU admissions, or mortality rates associated with these variants.
In India, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has stated that the severity of infections remains low, and there is no cause for alarm. However, they continue to monitor the situation closely.
Can Vaccine Doses Protect You?
Vaccination remains a critical tool in combating COVID-19. Studies have shown that existing vaccines continue to offer strong protection against severe illness, even with the emergence of new variants like NB.1.8.1.
Health authorities recommend that individuals, especially those in vulnerable groups such as the elderly and immunocompromised, stay up to date with their COVID-19 vaccinations and booster doses.
COVID-19 On The Rise In India: How To Stay Safe?
To mitigate the spread of these new variants, public health officials advise:
- Wearing masks in crowded or enclosed spaces
- Practicing good hand hygiene
- Maintaining physical distancing where possible
- Staying home when experiencing symptoms
- Getting tested if symptomatic or after known exposure
In regions like Karnataka, officials have emphasized the importance of these measures, particularly for high-risk populations.
While the emergence of NB.1.8.1, LF.7, and XFG underscores the virus’s ongoing evolution, global health agencies are better equipped than ever to respond. Enhanced surveillance, genomic sequencing, and international collaboration are key components in managing the current situation.
In summary, although these new Omicron subvariants are more transmissible, they have not demonstrated increased severity. Continued adherence to public health guidelines and vaccination efforts remain essential in controlling their spread and impact.
